Fake news, la veritat de les mentides

OFICINA JOVE DEL MARESME 2017 Desembre 30
Sabríeu distingir una notícia real d’una falsa?

Desinformació, fake news o postveritat són conceptes que estan de plena actualitat i que han existit sempre en altres formats, però que les xarxes socials han ajudat a expandir d’una manera que sembla imparable. Són “informacions” que ens arriben per Whatsapp, Facebook, Twitter o Instagram, una varietat de canals que fa difícil aturar aquesta tendència. Però, sabríeu distingir una notícia real d’una falsa?

Segons les prediccions de la consultora nord-americana Gartner, al 2022 el públic occidental consumirà més notícies falses que verdaderes i no hi haurà prou capacitat material ni tecnològica per eliminar-les. Els algoritmes de Facebook o Twitter fan servir la intel·ligència artificial per oferir-nos allò que ens interessa, i aprenen qui seguim i quina mena de continguts consumim. Com el que ens ofereixen les xarxes ja és del nostre gust, acceptem més fàcilment el que se’ns explica i, sovint, ho compartim sense qüestionar-nos si és verdader o no.

Però un estudi publicat recentment per Ofcom, l’organisme oficial que regula les comunicacions al Regne Unit, recull que el 96% de joves de 12 a 15 anys els interessen les notícies. D’aquests, un 73% són conscients que existeixen les notícies falses. I tot i que més de la meitat dels joves fan servir les xarxes socials per informar-se, només un 32% considera les xarxes socials com a mitjans fiables. Per tant, sembla que la joventut comença a prendre consciència del problema.

Hi ha hagut alguns intents de discriminació automàtica entre allò que és cert i el que no ho és, però no han acabat de funcionar, com el Fake News Challenge o organitzacions com PolitiFact, Snopes o Factcheck, que havien d’etiquetar mentides. El problema és que la velocitat amb què s’escampen els continguts fa impossible que aquests sistemes funcionin amb prou rapidesa per aturar-les, quan les han detectat ja s’han fet virals. I és aquí on rau el negoci de les notícies falses, com més visites i més seguidors tinguin els llocs que les publiquen, més ingressos; cada nou clic es transforma en ingrés de publicitat. Com és habitual, darrera d’aquestes “iniciatives” sempre hi ha interessos econòmics.

Més informació: http://jovecat.gencat.cat/ca/temes/tecnologia/fake-news-la-veritat-de-les-mentides/index.html

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